A Cataract is a cloudiness or opacity of the eye's natural clear lens. It obstructs the passage of light to the Retina (Parda) of the eye and impairs vision. When the lens develops cloudiness to the point that it impairs vision, it is called cataract. It is like looking through a frosted glass.
The ophthalmologist examines the rest of the eye so as to predict the visual results of the surgery. The pressure of eye is recorded so as to rule out glaucoma. If possible, the retina is also examined, otherwise ultrasound scanning is performed.
Progressive and painless blurring of vision is the commonest symptom. The blurring of vision may be more marked in bright light. Brightness and contrast ofthe image decreases in early cataract. Some individuals experience glare in night driving. Colors may become less district. Later on the vision deteriorates and interferes in day to day activities. Seeing two or more moons poyopial at night also suggests cataract. Pain, itching, redness or watering are not symptoms of cataract. Cataract usually develops in both the eyes, but may progress at different rates.
Although research is currently underway, no preventive measures are known for cataract that develops with age. No diet, drugs or medicine have been proven to delay or cure the cataract. The only treatment is surgical. Cataract surgery is a safe surgical procedure, with the appropriate lens implant, has restored sight for millions.
It is a no stitch small incision cataract surgery. IOL is implanted and the surgery is completed without any stitch. The Incision is only 1.8mm - 2.2mm long.
A computer controlled 'Phaco' machine with tiny ultrasonic probe is used to remove cataract. Phaco uses ultrasound energy to liquify lens and suck it out with a titanium probe, vibrating forty thousand times a second. The lens is implanted through the smallest possible opening in the eye. The minute (2.2mm or smaller) incision is self sealed and needs no suture or stitch to close it. The patient is back to normal activities within a few days, including attending office or even doing heavy manual work. Phacoemulsificatlon was started for the first time in Patiala at Patiala Eye Hospital & Lasik Laser Centre. At present this technique is used for all cases undergoing Cataract surgery at our hospital. To retain the maximum benefit of the miniature 2.2mm or smallest incision, a foldable IOL is used. The foldable IOL made of transparent silicone or acrylic polymer to be inserted inside the eye in a fine tube and it unfolds to It's full size once inside the eye.